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如何使用万用表测试 PC 电源(2026 指南)

您的电脑不会随机开机或关机吗?了解 2026 年如何使用万用表安全测试电源电压。

3 min read
Level: 先进的
Douglas Felipe M. Gonçalves
Updated in 2026
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Technical Summary

关键铁路12V(黄色)- 为 GPU/CPU 供电
数据轨5V(红色)- 外围设备/SSD
开始测试绿线 + 黑线(引脚 16 + 17)
困难高(需要电气护理)

01.电气诊断:PC 还“活着”吗?

到 2026 年,随着显卡对功率的要求越来越高,电源单元 (PSU) 已成为最常发生无声故障的组件。由于 12V 电源轨上缺乏稳定电压,PC 可能会打开 LED,但无法显示视频。使用万用表是确保 PSU 不会“报废”并使其他昂贵组件面临风险的唯一方法。

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02.1. 回形针测试(开机)

首先,我们需要在不连接主板的情况下打开电源:

  1. 从墙上拔下电源插头并拔掉电脑上的所有电缆。
  2. 在大 24 针连接器上,找到单个绿线(PS_ON)。
  3. 使用回形针将绿线引脚连接到任何相邻的黑线(接地)。
  4. 将 PSU 插入插座。如果 PSU 风扇旋转,则表示已通电。

03.2. 用万用表测量电压

2026年参考值:

将万用表设置为20V直流规模。 PSU 打开时(使用回形针测试):

-黄线:读数应介于 11.4V 和 12.6V 之间。如果低于 11.4V,您的 PSU 将无法处理重型显卡。
-红线:读数应接近 5.0V。
-橙色线:读数应接近 3.3V。
-紫线:(5V 待机)即使 PSU 处于待机状态,也应该有 5V。

04.3. 电源故障的症状

何时更换电源?

如果电压大幅波动(例如,12V 电压轨跌落至 11V 并回落),则 PSU 的电容器会磨损。 2026 年,不稳定的 PSU 引发了臭名昭著的事件自发重启:您的电脑在玩要求较高的游戏时突然关闭,因为电压低于安全阈值,主板会断电以保护自身。

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Gaming Average
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System Latency
Optimizing Processchrome.exe
Active...
Input Lag ReductionOptimizing threads...
Maximum
System LoadReal-time Optimized
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Written by a verified expert

Douglas Felipe M. Gonçalves

Windows Systems Specialist Voltris Optimizer Developer Advanced Technical Support

Expert in Windows system optimization with years of experience in hardware diagnostics, kernel tuning, and advanced technical support. Founder of Voltris and developer of the Voltris Optimizer.

Meet the Voltris Team

Conclusion and Next Steps

By following this guide on 如何使用万用表测试 PC 电源(2026 指南), you are equipped with the verified technical knowledge to solve this issue with confidence.

If you still have difficulties after following all steps, our expert support team is available for a personalized remote diagnosis. Every system is unique and may require a specific approach.

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如何使用万用表测试 PC 电源(2026 指南) | VOLTRIS